Apo B/Apo A-I Ratio A Better Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with or Without Type II Diabetes Mellitus

The increasing disease burden due to coronary artery disease (CAD) can be minimized by an early detection using a valid risk factor. Aim of this study was to determine the level of apolipoprotein AI(ApoAI), apolipoprotein B(ApoB) and ApoB/ApoAI ratio in CAD patients with or without type II diabetes mellitus(DM) and to analyze whether these parameters can be used as a more accurate lipid risk factor than the conventional ones. Fasting blood samples were collected from angiographically determined coronary artery disease patients with or without type II DM and control subjects. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG),and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C)were measured enzymatically ,low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) was determined using Friedewald's formula ,Apo AI and Apo B were analyzed by immunoturbidimetric method. Plasma values of total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, were not significantly different in the groups with normal coronary arteries and CAD. Level of ApoB was significantly higher and the level of Apo AI was significantly lower in CAD patients when compared to normal coronary artery group. In the study, ratio of Apo B to Apo AI (Apo B/ Apo AI) was found to be markedly high in CAD patients ( p<0.001) when compared to the control . As the ratio covers both atherogenic and antiatherogenic lipid risk factor, it can be used as a better predictor than conventional risk factor.